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#Iaea flux tecdoc manual
This database is based on Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Volume I, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part B, Development of Risk-based Preliminary Remediation Goals) (RAGS Part B). This report supports the information provided in Part 3 - Unsaturated Zone Models for Radionuclide Fate and Transport of the Soil Guidance for Radionuclides: Technical Background Document on determining the general applicability of the models to surface conditions, and an assessment of each model's potential applicability to the soil screening process.Ī purpose of this guidance is to provide a PRG calculation tool to assist risk assessors, remedial project managers, and others involved with risk assessment and decision-making at CERCLA sites in developing PRGs. This report provides a detailed technical analysis of five unsaturated zone fate and transport models for radionuclides. Models reviewed by EPA in the Soil Screening Guidance for Radionuclides: Technical Background Document are presented in Section 3-2. The calculator is flexible and may be used to derive site-specific PRGs as more site characterization is obtained (EPA 2000a). This web calculator may be used to develop generic PRGs for radionuclides for several different exposure scenarios. EPA's guidance ( Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessment) contains an eight step process for using benchmarks for ecological effects in the remedy selection process. Similarly, some sites with radiological contaminants in sensitive ecological settings may also need to be evaluated for potential ecological risk. EPA's DCC Calculator should be used to assess radionuclide dose for soil, water, and air, BDCC Calculator for radionuclide dose inside buildings, and the SDCC Calculator for radionuclide dose for hard outside surfaces. EPA's SPRG Calculator should be used to assess radionuclide cancer risk for hard outside surfaces, and the BPRG Calculator for radionuclide cancer risk inside buildings. When assessing sites with uranium as a contaminant, it may also be necessary to consider the noncancer toxicity of uranium, using other tools, such as EPA's Regional Screening Levels ( RSLs) for Chemical Contaminants at Superfund Sites electronic calculator for uranium in soil, water, and air, and the WTC for uranium inside buildings. Of the radionuclides generally found, at CERCLA sites, only uranium has potentially significant noncancer toxicity. It should also be noted that calculating a PRG addresses neither human radionuclide dose or noncancer toxicity, nor potential ecological risk. EPA may change this guidance in the future, as appropriate. It also provides guidance to the public and regulated community on how EPA intends the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) be implemented. The policies set out in the Radionuclide PRG User Guide provide guidance to EPA staff. Accordingly, when comments are received at individual sites questioning the use of the approaches recommended in this guidance, the comments should be considered and an explanation provided for the selected approach. The decision whether to use an alternative approach andĪ description of any such approach should be documented. Alternative approaches for risk assessment may be found to be more appropriate at specific sites (e.g., where site circumstances do not match the underlying assumptions, conditions and models of the guidance). This document does not establish binding rules. This guidance document sets forth EPA's recommended approaches based upon currently available information with respect to risk assessment for response actions at Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) sites (commonly known as Superfund).